Fallen wood decomposition of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis

Inttxiducti()nSnagandfaIlenwoodwasin1ps)rtantcolllponel1tSofft)restecosystem,nutrientpoolf`'rforestal1in1alsal1dn1icrobes,alsowashoPortantapproachofe11ergyflowa11dmaterialnowinforest.soforestecoIogistsattachedinlportaI1cetostudyonsnagandfallel1woodil1creasinglya11dl1ewlydevelopedd1e"ECologyofWood`lecomPOsitiol1'{"'l.Inresearchworkli1Olal1gbaiMoul1tainForestEcosys-tem,tllestudyl4,7,s,9,1o]lladbeenco11ductedinfallel1woodsince8os,andtheresearchra11gewasverywidespread.Buttl1esestUdieswerenl…     

Improvement of wood properties by composite of diatomite and “phenol-melamine-formaldehyde” co-condensed resin

We improved the overall performance of fast-growing poplar by utilizing a low-cost, effective and simple method. The fast-growing poplar was modified by a vacuum-pressure impregnation method with three...     

木质剩余物复合材料老化问题的分析

论述和分析木质剩余物复合材料老化的原因,主要有木质剩余物的老化、胶粘剂的老化、木质剩余物的回弹和膨胀—收缩应力。综合论述木质剩余物复合材料加速老化试验方法,指出木质剩余物复合材料在加速老化试验方面的研究,适宜采用ASTM D1037六循环加速老化法和老化仪检侧法。分析木质剩余物复合材料老化的影响因素,如温度、湿度、试件尺寸等。     

松材线虫病防治技术存在问题及建议

就松材线虫病的防治技术所存在的问题以及相应的措施作详细的探讨,使松林资源得到有效的保护。     

Association of brook trout and Oncorhynchus spp. with large wood jams in a Lake Superior tributary in a northern old‐growth watershed

Wood in streams functions as fish habitat, but relationships between fish abundance (or size) and large wood in streams are not consistent. One possible reason for variable relationships between fish and wood in streams is that the association of fish with wood habitat may depend on ecological context such as large‐scale geomorphology. We studied the relationship between salmonid assemblages and large wood jams (LWJ) in four settings that differed geomorphically at the scale of the stream corridor along a tributary to Lake Superior in old‐growth conifer–hardwood forest in northern Michigan. The focal fish species of this study were brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), which were wild in the stream. Relocation efforts for coaster brook trout (an adfluvial life history variant of brook trout) were ongoing in the study stream. We measured fish abundance and length in pairs of pools of similar size and substrate, but varying in the presence of LWJ; this allowed us to evaluate associations of fish simply with the presence of LWJ rather than with other channel or flow‐shaping functions of LWJ. The length of Oncorhynchus spp. and young introduced brook trout was not strongly correlated with LWJ presence; however, the presence of LWJ in pools was positively correlated with larger wild brook trout. We also found that the correspondence of LWJ with the abundance of salmonids appears to be moderated by the presence of alternative habitat in this relatively natural, old‐growth forest stream.     

Water use of spring wheat to raise water productivity

In semi-arid environments with a shortage of water resources and a risk of overexplotation of water supplies, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a crop that can reduce water use and increase water productivity, because it takes advantage of spring rainfall and is harvested before the evaporative demands of summer. We carried out an experiment in 2003 at “Las Tiesas” farm, located between Barrax and Albacete (Central Spain), to improve accuracy in the estimation of wheat evapotranspiration (ETc) by using a weighing lysimeter. The measured seasonal ETc averages (5.63 mm day⁻¹) measured in the lysimeter was 417 mm compared to the calculated ETc values (5.31 mm day⁻¹) calculated with the standard FAO methodology of 393 mm. The evapotranspiration crop coefficient (Kc) derived from lysimetric measurements was Kc-mid: 1.20 and Kc-end: 0.15. The daily lysimeter Kc values were fit to the evolution linearly related to the green cover fraction (fc), which follows the crop development pattern. Seasonal soil evaporation was estimated as 135 mm and the basal crop coefficient approach was calculated in this study, Kcb which separates crop transpiration from soil evaporation (evaporation coefficient, Ke) was calculated and related to the green cover fraction (fc) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained by field radiometry in case of wheat. The results obtained by this research will permit the reduction of water use and improvement of water productivity for wheat, which is of vital importance in areas of limited water resources.     

木材流体渗透理论与研究方法

为较全面系统地了解木材流体渗透理论研究现状,从流体在多孔介质内的主要类型与流动理论、流体在木材内的主要流通通道及木材流体渗透性研究的主要理论与试验方法等几方面进行综合概述,提出木材流体渗透性理论研究的主要发展方向.试验观察应采取更先进的手段,动态观察流体尤其是液体渗透木材的整个连续过程,并构筑更合理的木材流体简化结构渗透模型,以较少的参数反映更完整的流体渗透途径;理论研究应借鉴木材干燥过程中应用较成熟的传质传热模型,建筑多孔材料如水泥、石、砖等的渗透性研究,土壤流体渗透性及地下石油流体渗透性研究方面应用较成熟的理论和方法,并拓宽木材渗透性的研究对象,建立符合木材非稳态渗透实际过程的二维或三维理论模型,以更逼真地模拟木材流体渗透过程;2种方法结合起来,定性和定量完整描述木材流体渗透机制.     

辽宁省刺槐人工林立地质量评价的研究

选择Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ生长函数Ｈ＝ａ（１－ｅ－ｂＡ）ｃ作为辽宁省刺槐优势高生长模型．用差分法展开导向曲线编制了单形立地指数表；应用分组整理后解析木资料，拟合出最优多形立地指数模型，编制了多形立地指数表．在综合分析影响刺槐生长发育的环境因子基础上，选择了７个立地因子，运用数量化理论Ⅰ方法，建立与立地指数的回归模型，经减少项目法筛选出包含５个因子的立地指数最佳预估方程，编制了数量立地指数得分表．     

云南松直干、弯干材木材结构比较观察

利用光学显微镜对云南松直干、弯干材木材构造进行解剖学观察，结果表明：弯干材在解剖结构上跟直干材基本保持一致。与直干材相比，弯干材的早材比直干材的早材窄，树脂道多；早、晚材管胞的长度、壁厚、弦向直径差幅分别为：0．14、0．63、4．4、13．56、-0．46、0．81；最大交叉场纹孔数和最大单列射线细胞个数比直干材分别多1个和2个；纺锤形射线高度超出直干材的51．73％。弯干材具有右旋扭转纹。另外，两种材料都是较好的造纸原料，且以弯干材为优。     

木粉/PVC复合材料挤出流动性的影响因素

研究木粉的粒径、添加剂的种类及配比等因素,对木塑复合材料挤出流动性的影响.结果表明:木粉粒径越小,复合物料在挤出过程中的流动性能越差,所制备的木塑复合材料色差越大,且产品材色越深.综合考虑加工特性和制品材色,宜选用木粉粒径45～60目；并添加稀土热稳定剂及铝酸酯偶联剂,可以提高物料的挤出流动性.